GitHub 仓库管理

克隆/创建/Fork 仓库；管理远程、发布版本

GitHub Repository Management

创建、克隆、Fork、配置和管理 GitHub 仓库。每个部分先展示 gh，再展示 git + curl 备选方案。

前置条件

已通过 GitHub 认证（见 github-auth skill）

安装配置


if command -v gh >/dev/null 2>&1 && gh auth status >/dev/null 2>&1; then
  AUTH="gh"
else
  AUTH="git"
  if [ -z "$GITHUB_TOKEN" ]; then
    if [ -f ~/.hermes/.env ] && grep -q "^GITHUB_TOKEN=" ~/.hermes/.env; then
      GITHUB_TOKEN=$(grep "^GITHUB_TOKEN=" ~/.hermes/.env | head -1 | cut -d= -f2 | tr -d 'nr')
    elif grep -q "github.com" ~/.git-credentials 2>/dev/null; then
      GITHUB_TOKEN=$(grep "github.com" ~/.git-credentials 2>/dev/null | head -1 | sed 's|https://[^:]*:([^@]*)@.*|1|')
    fi
  fi
fi

# 获取你的 GitHub 用户名（多个操作需要）
if [ "$AUTH" = "gh" ]; then
  GH_USER=$(gh api user --jq '.login')
else
  GH_USER=$(curl -s -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" https://api.github.com/user | python3 -c "import sys,json; print(json.load(sys.stdin)['login'])")
fi

如果你已在某个仓库内：


REMOTE_URL=$(git remote get-url origin)
OWNER_REPO=$(echo "$REMOTE_URL" | sed -E 's|.*github.com[:/]||; s|.git$||')
OWNER=$(echo "$OWNER_REPO" | cut -d/ -f1)
REPO=$(echo "$OWNER_REPO" | cut -d/ -f2)

---

1. 克隆仓库

克隆是纯 git——两种方式完全相同：


# 通过 HTTPS 克隆（凭据辅助或令牌嵌入 URL 均可用）
git clone https://github.com/owner/repo-name.git

# 克隆到指定目录
git clone https://github.com/owner/repo-name.git ./my-local-dir

# 浅克隆（大型仓库更快）
git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/owner/repo-name.git

# 克隆特定分支
git clone --branch develop https://github.com/owner/repo-name.git

# 通过 SSH 克隆（如果 SSH 已配置）
git clone git@github.com:owner/repo-name.git

用 gh（简写）：


gh repo clone owner/repo-name
gh repo clone owner/repo-name -- --depth 1

2. 创建仓库

用 gh：


# 创建公开仓库并克隆
gh repo create my-new-project --public --clone

# 私有，带描述和许可证
gh repo create my-new-project --private --description "A useful tool" --license MIT --clone

# 在组织下
gh repo create my-org/my-new-project --public --clone

# 从已有本地目录
cd /path/to/existing/project
gh repo create my-project --source . --public --push

用 git + curl：


# 通过 API 创建远程仓库
curl -s -X POST 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/user/repos 
  -d '{
    "name": "my-new-project",
    "description": "A useful tool",
    "private": false,
    "auto_init": true,
    "license_template": "mit"
  }'

# 克隆它
git clone https://github.com/$GH_USER/my-new-project.git
cd my-new-project

# -- 或 -- 将已有本地目录推送到新仓库
cd /path/to/existing/project
git init
git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit"
git remote add origin https://github.com/$GH_USER/my-new-project.git
git push -u origin main

在组织下创建：


curl -s -X POST 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/orgs/my-org/repos 
  -d '{"name": "my-new-project", "private": false}'

从模板创建

用 gh：


gh repo create my-new-app --template owner/template-repo --public --clone

用 curl：


curl -s -X POST 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/owner/template-repo/generate 
  -d '{"owner": "'"$GH_USER"'", "name": "my-new-app", "private": false}'

3. Fork 仓库

用 gh：


gh repo fork owner/repo-name --clone

用 git + curl：


# 通过 API 创建 fork
curl -s -X POST 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/owner/repo-name/forks

# 等 GitHub 创建它，然后克隆
sleep 3
git clone https://github.com/$GH_USER/repo-name.git
cd repo-name

# 将原始仓库添加为 "upstream" remote
git remote add upstream https://github.com/owner/repo-name.git

保持 Fork 同步


# 纯 git——任何地方都有效
git fetch upstream
git checkout main
git merge upstream/main
git push origin main

用 gh（快捷方式）：


gh repo sync $GH_USER/repo-name

4. 仓库信息

用 gh：


gh repo view owner/repo-name
gh repo list --limit 20
gh search repos "machine learning" --language python --sort stars

用 curl：


# 查看仓库详情
curl -s 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO 
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
r = json.load(sys.stdin)
print(f"Name: {r['full_name']}")
print(f"Description: {r['description']}")
print(f"Stars: {r['stargazers_count']}  Forks: {r['forks_count']}")
print(f"Default branch: {r['default_branch']}")
print(f"Language: {r['language']}")"

# 列出你的仓库
curl -s 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  "https://api.github.com/user/repos?per_page=20&sort=updated" 
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for r in json.load(sys.stdin):
    vis = 'private' if r['private'] else 'public'
    print(f"  {r['full_name']:40}  {vis:8}  {r.get('language', ''):10}  ★{r['stargazers_count']}")"

# 搜索仓库
curl -s 
  "https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=machine+learning+language:python&sort=stars&per_page=10" 
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for r in json.load(sys.stdin)['items']:
    print(f"  {r['full_name']:40}  ★{r['stargazers_count']:6}  {r['description'][:60] if r['description'] else ''}")"

5. 仓库设置

用 gh：


gh repo edit --description "Updated description" --visibility public
gh repo edit --enable-wiki=false --enable-issues=true
gh repo edit --default-branch main
gh repo edit --add-topic "machine-learning,python"
gh repo edit --enable-auto-merge

用 curl：


curl -s -X PATCH 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO 
  -d '{
    "description": "Updated description",
    "has_wiki": false,
    "has_issues": true,
    "allow_auto_merge": true
  }'

# 更新 topics
curl -s -X PUT 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  -H "Accept: application/vnd.github.mercy-preview+json" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/topics 
  -d '{"names": ["machine-learning", "python", "automation"]}'

6. 分支保护


# 查看当前保护状态
curl -s 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/branches/main/protection

# 设置分支保护
curl -s -X PUT 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/branches/main/protection 
  -d '{
    "required_status_checks": {
      "strict": true,
      "contexts": ["ci/test", "ci/lint"]
    },
    "enforce_admins": false,
    "required_pull_request_reviews": {
      "required_approving_review_count": 1
    },
    "restrictions": null
  }'

7. Secrets 管理（GitHub Actions）

用 gh：


gh secret set API_KEY --body "your-secret-value"
gh secret set SSH_KEY < ~/.ssh/id_rsa
gh secret list
gh secret delete API_KEY

用 curl：

Secrets 需要用仓库公钥加密——通过 API 操作较复杂：


# 获取仓库公钥以加密 secrets
curl -s 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/secrets/public-key

# 加密并设置（需要 Python + PyNaCl）
python3 -c "
from base64 import b64encode
from nacl import encoding, public
import json, sys

# 获取公钥
key_id = ''
public_key = ''

# 加密
sealed = public.SealedBox(
    public.PublicKey(public_key.encode('utf-8'), encoding.Base64Encoder)
).encrypt('your-secret-value'.encode('utf-8'))
print(json.dumps({
    'encrypted_value': b64encode(sealed).decode('utf-8'),
    'key_id': key_id
}))"

# 然后 PUT 加密后的 secret
curl -s -X PUT 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/secrets/API_KEY 
  -d ''

# 列出 secrets（仅名称，值隐藏）
curl -s 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/secrets 
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for s in json.load(sys.stdin)['secrets']:
    print(f"  {s['name']:30}  updated: {s['updated_at']}")"

注意：对于 secrets，gh secret set 简单得多。如果需要设置 secrets 但没有 gh，建议仅为那个操作安装它。

8. Releases

用 gh：


gh release create v1.0.0 --title "v1.0.0" --generate-notes
gh release create v2.0.0-rc1 --draft --prerelease --generate-notes
gh release create v1.0.0 ./dist/binary --title "v1.0.0" --notes "Release notes"
gh release list
gh release download v1.0.0 --dir ./downloads

用 curl：


# 创建 release
curl -s -X POST 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/releases 
  -d '{
    "tag_name": "v1.0.0",
    "name": "v1.0.0",
    "body": "## Changelogn- Feature An- Bug fix B",
    "draft": false,
    "prerelease": false,
    "generate_release_notes": true
  }'

# 列出 releases
curl -s 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/releases 
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for r in json.load(sys.stdin):
    tag = r.get('tag_name', 'no tag')
    print(f"  {tag:15}  {r['name']:30}  {'draft' if r['draft'] else 'published'}")"

# 上传 release 资产（二进制文件）
RELEASE_ID=
curl -s -X POST 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  -H "Content-Type: application/octet-stream" 
  "https://uploads.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/releases/$RELEASE_ID/assets?name=binary-amd64" 
  --data-binary @./dist/binary-amd64

9. GitHub Actions Workflows

用 gh：


gh workflow list
gh run list --limit 10
gh run view 
gh run view  --log-failed
gh run rerun 
gh run rerun  --failed
gh workflow run ci.yml --ref main
gh workflow run deploy.yml -f environment=staging

用 curl：


# 列出 workflows
curl -s 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/workflows 
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for w in json.load(sys.stdin)['workflows']:
    print(f"  {w['id']:10}  {w['name']:30}  {w['state']}")"

# 列出最近的运行
curl -s 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  "https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/runs?per_page=10" 
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for r in json.load(sys.stdin)['workflow_runs']:
    print(f"  Run {r['id']}  {r['name']:30}  {r['conclusion'] or r['status']}")"

# 下载失败运行的日志
RUN_ID=
curl -s -L 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/runs/$RUN_ID/logs 
  -o /tmp/ci-logs.zip
cd /tmp && unzip -o ci-logs.zip -d ci-logs

# 重新运行失败 workflow
curl -s -X POST 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/runs/$RUN_ID/rerun

# 仅重新运行失败的 jobs
curl -s -X POST 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/runs/$RUN_ID/rerun-failed-jobs

# 手动触发 workflow（workflow_dispatch）
WORKFLOW_ID=
curl -s -X POST 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/repos/$OWNER/$REPO/actions/workflows/$WORKFLOW_ID/dispatches 
  -d '{"ref": "main", "inputs": {"environment": "staging"}}'

10. Gists

用 gh：


gh gist create script.py --public --desc "Useful script"
gh gist list

用 curl：


# 创建 gist
curl -s -X POST 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/gists 
  -d '{
    "description": "Useful script",
    "public": true,
    "files": {
      "script.py": {"content": "print("hello")"}
    }
  }'

# 列出你的 gists
curl -s 
  -H "Authorization: token $GITHUB_TOKEN" 
  https://api.github.com/gists 
  | python3 -c "
import sys, json
for g in json.load(sys.stdin):
    files = ', '.join(g['files'].keys())
    print(f"  {g['id']}  {g['description'] or '(no desc)':40}  {files}")"

快速参考表

操作

git + curl

克隆

`gh repo clone o/r`

`git clone https://github.com/o/r.git`

创建仓库

`gh repo create name --public`

`curl POST /user/repos`

Fork

`gh repo fork o/r --clone`

`curl POST /repos/o/r/forks` + `git clone`

仓库信息

`gh repo view o/r`

`curl GET /repos/o/r`

编辑设置

`gh repo edit --...`

`curl PATCH /repos/o/r`

创建 release

`gh release create v1.0`

`curl POST /repos/o/r/releases`

列出 workflows

`gh workflow list`

`curl GET /repos/o/r/actions/workflows`

重新运行 CI

`gh run rerun ID`

`curl POST /repos/o/r/actions/runs/ID/rerun`

设置 secret

`gh secret set KEY`

`curl PUT /repos/o/r/actions/secrets/KEY`（+ 加密）

安装指南

复制下方命令，在终端运行即可安装：

# 安装到当前项目

npx skills add github-repo-management

# 全局安装 — 所有项目可用

npx skills add github-repo-management -g

使用指南

安装完成后，在对话框中直接使用此技能。

基本信息

作者 Community 分类 coding 难度 Intermediate 时长 1 hour

🛠️ 安装命令

# 安装到当前项目

npx skills add github-repo-management

# 全局安装

npx skills add github-repo-management -g

欢迎回来

创建账号

GitHub 仓库管理

GitHub 仓库管理

GitHub Repository Management

前置条件

安装配置

1. 克隆仓库

2. 创建仓库

从模板创建

3. Fork 仓库

保持 Fork 同步

4. 仓库信息

5. 仓库设置

6. 分支保护

7. Secrets 管理（GitHub Actions）

8. Releases

9. GitHub Actions Workflows

10. Gists

快速参考表

安装指南

使用指南

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